How Can I Express Possession in French

There are four grammatical constructions used to express possession in French: adjectives, pronouns, and two different prepositions. Take a look at this summary of the different French possibilities, and then follow the links for detailed information. Possessive de: The preposition de is used with a name or a noun in place of s or s in English. le livre de Jean - Johns bookla chambre des filles - the girls room Possessive à  : The preposition à   is used with the verb à ªtre in front of stressed pronouns in order to emphasize the ownership of the object. Ce livre est à   lui - This book is hisCest un ami à   moi - Hes a friend of mine Possessive adjectivesPossessive adjectives are the words used in place of articles to indicate to whom or to what something belongs. The English equivalents are my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. Voici votre livre - Heres your bookCest son livre - Its his book Possessive pronounsPossessive pronouns are the words which replace a possessive adjective noun. The English equivalents are mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and theirs. Ce livre... cest le và ´tre ou le sien ? - This book... is it yours or his? French Possessive De The French preposition  de  is used to express possession with  names  and  nouns. It is equivalent to  s  or  s  in English. le livre de Jean  - Johns book les  rues de Rome  - Romes streets, the streets of Rome les  idà ©es  dun  Ãƒ ©tudiant  - a students ideas Note that the order of the nouns is inverted in French. Johns book translates literally as the book of John. As with the  partitive article  and other  de  constructions,  de  contracts with  le  and  les  to make  du  and  des: cest  la  voiture  du patron  - its the bosss car les  pages du livre  - the books pages les  pages des  livres  - the books pages De  cannot be used to express possession with  stressed pronouns; for those, you need  Ãƒ  . The French Possessive  Ãƒ   The French preposition  Ãƒ  Ã‚  is used to express possession in the following constructions:   noun   Ãƒ ªtre  Ã‚  Ãƒ  Ã‚  Ã‚  stressed pronoun,  noun, or  namecest  Ã‚  Ãƒ  Ã‚  Ã‚  stressed pronoun, noun, or namecest   noun   Ãƒ  Ã‚   stressed pronoun* These constructions put emphasis on the ownership of the object. Cet argent est à   Paul.  - This money is Pauls. Le livre est à  Ã‚  lui.  - The book is his. Cest un livre à   lui.  - Its a book of his. - À qui est ce stylo ?  - Whose pen is this?- Cest à   moi.  - Its mine. - Cet argent... cest à   elle ou à   nous  ?  - This money... is it hers or ours?- Cest à   vous.  - Its yours. - Ce chapeau est à   Luc.  - This is Lucs hat.- Non, cest à   moi !  - No, its mine! *In spoken French, you might hear  cest  Ã‚  noun   Ãƒ     name  (e.g.,  cest  un livre à   Michel), but it is grammatically incorrect. The correct way to use possession in this construction is with  de  (cest  un livre de Michel).

How Characteristics Of Culture Maintain Capitalist Society

The purpose of this paper is to examine how characteristics of culture maintain capitalist society. I will be using Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s The culture industry: enlightenment as mass deception, as the backbone of my analysis. This will be accomplished by assessing aspects of society such as: monopoly capitalism, the entertainment industry and relevance to modern day society. This paper argues that capitalism transformed culture into an ideological means of domination, and acts as brainwashing tool over the masses. Capitalism in The Concise Encyclopedia of Sociology is defined as: â€Å"the system that provides for needs and wants, animated by a particular ethos, coordinated and organized by establishing practices, regulations, and laws, privileging particular types of knowledge.† (Weber 1927, 47). Theodor Adomo and Max Horkheimer created a term known as â€Å"culture industry† which is the commercial commodification, and the mass-production of pseudo culture by corporations (1947, p.29). The creation of the culture industry resulted in the standardisation of the cultural form, which eliminated an individual’s ability to think critically. This occurred because of the greed that capitalism creates, the heads of production firms mass produce cultural goods that are aimed at people’s desires to increase profitability. They argued that capitalism abandoned its liberal roots and began to monopolize industries, thus creating monopoly capitalism. In society, the cultureShow MoreRelatedAlienation And Individualism : The Social Structures Through Industrialization And The Division Of Labour1567 Words   |  7 Pagesalienation and anomie signify how individualism has impacted the social structures through industrialization and the division of labour. 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Traffic Congestion India

Question: Discuss about theTraffic Congestionfor India. Answer: Introduction: Traffic congestion is one of the most common phenomenons that have been experienced by most of us in the contemporary times. As per the definition provided in the English vocabulary traffic congestion shall indicate a condition where the transport network of any city is overburdened by the volume of the operating vehicles. More commonly it is referred to as a traffic jam, or a traffic snarl-up where the speed of the vehicles are really slow, if not stagnant and the trip times are longer. The phenomenon of traffic congestion is very common and is found in all countries across the world. However there are certain countries which have an exceptionally acute traffic volume problem. Amongst the various countries across the world who are known for their traffic congestion problems India is one of the most prominent one. The huge population explosion of the country is coupled with the ever increasing number of automobiles and vehicles of the nation. The transport network of the nation often get overwhelmed as a result of which frustrating traffic congestion is quite a regular aspect of the Indian life(Insightsonindia, 2015). Discussion: A General Vision: The Indian roads and transport systems are well known for their rut like traffic patterns. The vehicles and the automobiles of the country are expanding in number every single day. In comparison the roads and the network of highways do not seem to get improved with the same ardent fervour. What is worse is that the Indian roads are filled with various types of vehicles. On the same street one can find two wheelers, four wheelers and also other manually driven vehicles such as rickshaws. The busses and the trucks are yet again another menace. The traffic signal stands and lights are also not enough in their numbers. The situation gets even more worsened by the fact that not all the motorists and pedestrians on the roads and streets are aware of the proper traffic rules that can ensure the safety and the convenience of their own and also of others. Once again not all people who are aware of the traffic rules abide by them. In fact the rate of mortality due to road accidents in India is amongst the highest numbers in Asia. Traffic congestion is a reality or is an ordeal that has to be faced with very morning at the time of going to school or office. Long queues for busses and for trains are a very common thing. An even more common vision is to see traffic bottle necks in the country. Mostly such bottle necks and long waiting times when the traffic inches forward are common scenarios for the cities of the nation(Essayforum, 2009). Condition of the Rural Sector: The roads and the travelling systems in the rural sectors of the country are much less developed as compared to the urban centres. Again the kind of motor vehicles that are to be found are yet again of much simple quality. The roads are narrow yet the traffic happens to be much sparse. Hence traffic congestions are scenario is that are not common in the urban sector of the country. Condition of the Urban Sector: The urban sectors are the real places to feast your eyes in case you are looking for traffic bottle necks in India. It has been seen that Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore and other metropolitan cities are the places where the situation happens to be worse. Often people going out for work have to travel for nearly one and half to two hours one way to reach their office. This is a very major problem where daily life gets much hampered by traffic congestion problem. The city toll centres or the toll ways are the places where one can also see terrible long lines of traffic congestion(Phukan, 2014). Effects: Experts are of the opinion that India looses nearly Rs 60, 000 million on an annual basis due to its problem of traffic congestion. Economy, business and trade of the country get terribly hampered due to this problem. At the same time it also creates a huge life hazard for the people who go out to travel on the roads of the countries on a daily basis. The general pattern of life also gets much taxed due to this problem of the Indian cities(Emily, 2013). Recommendations Some of the recommendations to improve the situation can be as follows: Access to the roads happens to be free. This could be one of the reasons why people happens o be moving out for the simplest reasons with their motors. This is causing a heavy burden on the transport and the road system. Taxes could be imposed on citizen for using motors on the roads of the Indian cities. The government can take a bigger initiative of educating the general people regarding why they should maintain and follow all the traffic rules and do not over speed of rash drive. This is one of the major reasons causing traffic congestions and fatal accidents. The Indian authorities have to be very careful regarding whom they are issuing the driving license. This shall curb down the number of motorist on the roads. The infrastructure of the country has to be elevated and elaborated. The roads and the streets of the country must be developed. Conclusion: The problem of Traffic congestion is not to be seen in India alone. In fact in the current era this is a problem for most of the developed countries across the world. In fact there are countries like New Zealand and Australia who happens to be topping the charts. A little panning on the part of the government and a little concern on the part of the common people can easily solve the problem s India has both the means and the intellect to solve the crisis. References: Emily, B. (2013, October 22). How Traffic Congestion Affects Economic Growth. Retrieved October 17, 2016, from citylab: https://www.citylab.com/commute/2013/10/how-traffic-congestion-impacts-economic-growth/7310/ Essayforum. (2009, July 30). Causes and Solutions for increasing traffic congestion. Retrieved October 17, 2016, from essayforum: https://essayforum.com/writing/causes-solutions-increasing-traffic-congestion-7213/ Insightsonindia. (2015, August 28). Indian cities are experiencing mega traffic congestion problem with each passing day. Retrieved October 17, 2016, from Insightsonindia: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2015/08/28/1-indian-cities-are-experiencing-mega-traffic-congestion-problem-with-each-passing-day-in-your-opinion-what-are-the-root-causes-of-this-problem-and-what-urgent-measures-need-to-be-taken-to-address/ Phukan, R. S. (2014, December 12). Traffic Congestion in Delhi: Causes, Outcomes and Solutions. Retrieved October 17, 2016, from mapsofindia: https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/society/traffic-congestion-in-delhi-causes-outcomes-and-solutions